An on-board charger (OBC) is the built-in AC-to-DC converter found in most electric vehicles that turns alternating current from the power grid into the direct current needed to recharge the battery. When plugged into an AC charging point, grid power passes through this onboard unit rather than being converted at the charging station itself. Because it is built into the car, its power is limited, typically supporting charging speeds of around 6-7 kW, which is enough for overnight charging but far slower than the 50-100+ kW rates delivered by DC fast chargers, where conversion happens outside the vehicle instead. (Source)
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